ENGLISH
IV
PUBLIC
SPEAKING
THE
HUMAN HEART
GROUP:
1.
BIDARI AYU LESTARI (210007)
2.
FALAKHUL HISYAM (210016)
3.
FEBRI ARDIANTO (210017)
2012
PREFACE
PREFACE
Thank God we pray
the presence of Almighty God, for His blessings and His favor is that we can
finish english paper entitled the human heart can be completed on time. This
paper was prepared by collecting some material about the human heart. In this
paper the preparation of course there are many flaws, therefore we apologize
profusely, and we hope this paper can be useful to the reader all about the
limits - these limits. Criticisms and suggestions of course are we expected, so
in the future we can arrange a better paper. Finally, we thank you.
TABLE
OF CONTENT
Preface..................................................................................................................................
Table of Content..................................................................................................................
Chapter I...............................................................................................................................
A. Background of Problem.............................................................................................
B. Identification of the problem....................................................................................
C. Formulation of the problem......................................................................................
D. Significanty of the problem.......................................................................................
Chapter II...............................................................................................................................
A. About heart................................................................................................................
a. The meaning of the heart..............................................................................
b. Location Of The Heart...................................................................................
c. Anatomy Of The Heart..................................................................................
d. A Part Of The Heart.......................................................................................
e. Function Of The Heart...................................................................................
f.
The
Heart valves............................................................................................
B. Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)..................................................................................
a. The meaning of CHD.....................................................................................
b. Risk Factors for Coronary Heart
Disease......................................................
CHAPTER III............................................................................................................................
1. Conclusion..................................................................................................................
2. Suggesstion................................................................................................................
CHAPTER
I
A.
Background Of The Problem
Many people interpret the Heart is the heart of Indonesia,
but it's wrong.
Heart is the heart rather than the liver. That's
why we wrote this paper on the heart. So
that those reading this knows more about the heart and its functions.
In addition, many Indonesian people are not aware of the
importance of protecting the heart.
If we are not
careful, we could suffer from coronary heart disease. Therefore, we hope that
reading this paper, knew of the dangers of coronary
heart disease and its causes.
B.
Identification of the problem
Our problem will be
identified is the
heart and coronary heart disease.
It's very important to be known by the people.
C.
Formulation of the problem
1.
What
is the meaning of the heart?
2.
What
is a part of the heart?
3.
What
is the function of the heart?
4.
What
is the Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)?
5.
What
is the risk factors for Coronary Heart Disease?
D.
Significanty of the problem
1.
To
describe of the heart.
2.
To
identify a part of the heart.
3.
To
know the function of the heart.
4.
To
identify the Coronary Heart Disease (CHD).
5.
To
know the risk factors for Coronary Heart Disease.
CHAPTER II
A.
About heart
1.
The meaning of the heart
The heart is a specialised muscle that
contracts regularly and continuously, pumping blood to the body and the lungs.
The pumping action is caused by a flow of electricity through the heart that
repeats itself in a cycle. If this electrical activity is disrupted - for
example by a disturbance in the heart's rhythm known as an 'arrhythmia' -
it can affect the heart's ability to pump properly.
2.
Location Of The Heart
The heart is
located between the lungs behind the sternum and above the diaphragm. It is
surrounded by the pericardium. Its size is about that of a fist, and its weight
is about 250-300 g. Its center is located about 1.5 cm to the left of the
midsagittal plane.
The heart is located between the lungs behind the sternum and above the
diaphragm.
3.
Anatomy Of The Heart
The walls of the
heart are composed of cardiac muscle, called myocardium. It consists of
four compartments: The walls of the heart are composed of cardiac muscle,
called myocardium.
It consists of
four compartments:
–
The right atria
–
The left atria
–
The right ventricle
–
The left ventricle
4.
A Part Of The Heart
A.4.1. Right Atrium
Collecting chamber. Blood is forced to the
right ventricleLeft Atrium. Receives
oxygen rich blood from the pulmonary veins
A.4.2.
Right
Ventricle
Receives blood from the superior and inferior
vena cava
A.4.3.
Left
Ventricle
Pumping chamber which forces blood through the
aortic valve. More muscular than the right ventricle
A.4.4.
Interventricular
Septum
Separates the pumping chambers of the heart.
A.4.5.
Tricuspid
Valve
Prevents backflow of blood to the right atrium.
And this is consist 3 cusps.
A.4.6.
Bicuspid
Valve
Prevents blood from flowing back into the left
atrium. And many people also called the Mitral valve
5.
FUNCTION OF THE HEART
Blood circulation via heart. The blood returns
from the systemic circulation to the right atrium and from there goes through
the tricuspid valve to the right ventricle.
It is
ejected from the right ventricle through the pulmonary valve to the lungs.
Oxygenated blood returns from the lungs to the
left atrium, and from there through the mitral valve to the left ventricle.
Finally
blood is pumped through the aortic valve to the aorta and the systemic
circulation.
6.
The Heart valves
A.6.1. The
tricuspid valve
regulates blood flow between the right atrium and right ventricle.
A.6.2. The
pulmonary valve
controls blood flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary arteries
A.6.3. The
mitral valve
lets oxygen-rich blood from your lungs pass from the left atrium into the left
ventricle.
A.6.4. The
aortic valve
lets oxygen-rich blood pass from the left ventricle into the aorta, then to the
body
B.
Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
1.
The meaning of CHD
The major underlying cause is atherosclerosis.
Atherosclerosis is a slow, progressive disease
which begins in childhood and takes decades to advance
2.
Risk Factors for Coronary Heart
Disease
B.2.1. Age:
Male > 45 years.
Female > 55 years or premature menopause
without estrogen replacement therapy.
B.2.2. Family History of premature disease
Male first-degree relative <55 years
Female first-degree relative < 65 years)
B.2.3. Cigarette Smoking
#1 cause of preventable death in US
1 in 5 CHD deaths attributable to smoking
B.2.4. Diabetes
50% of deaths related to DM is due to CHD
B.2.5. Inactivity
Sedentary person has 2x risk for developing
CHD as a person who is active.
B.2.6. Hypertension
Appears
to weaken the artery wall at points of high pressure leading to injury and
invasion of cholesterol.
B.2.7. Obesity
Related to the additional presence of other
risk factors such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension and obesity
CHAPTER III
A.
Conclusion
The heart is a specialised muscle that
contracts regularly and continuously, pumping blood to the body and the lungs. The heart is located between the lungs behind the sternum and above the
diaphragm. A
part of the heart is right atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle, interventricular septum, tricuspid
valve, bicuspid valve. Blood circulation
via heart. It is systemic circulation. The heart have four valves is the tricuspid
valve , the pulmonary valve , the mitral valve, the aortic valve.
Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), the major underlying cause is atherosclerosis.
risk factors
for coronary heart disease is age, family
history of premature disease , cigarette smoking, diabetes, inactivity,
hypertension, and obesity.
B.
Suggestion
We hope this
paper can be useful for people with coronary heart disease and readers in
general.
This paper is far
from perfect for that criticism and suggestions are we expected.
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